{"id":11233,"date":"2020-10-05T05:30:00","date_gmt":"2020-10-05T05:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/?p=11233"},"modified":"2020-10-05T15:27:56","modified_gmt":"2020-10-05T15:27:56","slug":"entrevista-a-naomi-kritzer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/index.php\/entrevista-a-naomi-kritzer\/","title":{"rendered":"Entrevista a Naomi Kritzer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Es todo un placer colaborar con Marcheto de Cuentos para Algernon,<\/a> pero a\u00fan m\u00e1s ha sido entrevistar a un escritora tan interesante como es Naomi Kritzer. Espero que os interesen sus respuestas, que dejan entrever la mente de una autora que merece ser m\u00e1s conocida. Al final de la p\u00e1gina podr\u00e9is leer la entrevista en el ingl\u00e9s original.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00bfSe ha puesto en contacto contigo alguna editorial espa\u00f1ola para traducir tus libros? \u00bfC\u00f3mo vender\u00edas <\/strong>CatFishing on Catnet<\/strong><\/em> en nuestro pa\u00eds?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ninguna editorial espa\u00f1ola se ha puesto en contacto conmigo. Mi slogan <\/em>para CatFishing on Catnet <\/em><\/strong>ser\u00eda: \u201cTodos los amigos de Steph est\u00e1n en internet porque lleva toda su vida mud\u00e1ndose, los amigos de CheshireCat est\u00e1n en internet porque son Inteligencias Artificiales ejecut\u00e1ndose en un ordenador. CheshireCat descubre el secreto de Steph justo a tiempo para salvarle de su peligroso padre, Steph descubre el secreto CheshireCat justo a tiempo para viajar para salvarla de su creador .\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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CatFishing on Catnet<\/em><\/strong> retoma la historia de \u201cCat Pictures Please\u201d. \u00bfQu\u00e9 puedes decirnos sobre el siguiente libro de la serie? \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 decidiste escribir una novela juvenil con esta inteligencia artificial como protagonista?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a1<\/strong>Escrib\u00ed la novela porque hab\u00eda un editor que la quer\u00eda! Tengo cinco libros publicados a principios de los 2000 pero llevo a\u00f1os intentando vender m\u00e1s novelas de ficci\u00f3n. Cuando \u201cCat Pictures Please\u201d gan\u00f3 el Hugo, consegu\u00ed un agente y tambi\u00e9n ten\u00eda otra novela juvenil sin publicar que estaba moviendo. Este editor se interes\u00f3 mucho con la perspectiva de un libro m\u00edo, pero lo que realmente quer\u00eda era m\u00e1s contenido sobre la Inteligencia Artificial del relato y a m\u00ed me encant\u00f3 poder explorar m\u00e1s ese universo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El final de CatFishing on Catnet <\/em><\/strong>apunta a la existencia de una segunda inteligencia artificial. De hecho, existe esa otra IA y aparece en el segundo libro. M\u00e1s cosas que salen en el segundo libro: una joven que ha sido criada por una secta apocal\u00edptica, un conjunto de juegos de m\u00f3vil que son como Facebook pero a\u00fan m\u00e1s aterradores y m\u00e1s intrusivos que Pokemon Go, y un rescate en invierno de la sede de una secta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Volviendo a hablar de las inteligencias artificiales de las historias, \u00bfc\u00f3mo defines qu\u00e9 personalidad tendr\u00e1? \u00bfLa tratas como un personaje humano m\u00e1s?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La IA del relato es inherentemente buena pero demasiado ingenua y al desarrollar la IA de la novela intent\u00e9 expandir este tema. Tiene una gran cantidad de conocimientos, pero no tiene la comprensi\u00f3n necesaria para aplicar el conocimiento a situaciones nuevas, lo que hace que se parezca y se diferencie de un adolescente. Siempre he tenido en cuenta que las experiencias de la IA son todas digitales, as\u00ed que todos los impulsos sensoriales que son tan importantes para los humanos para ella son incomprensibles. (El segundo libro tiene unos p\u00e1rrafos de la IA sobre la alimentaci\u00f3n, y c\u00f3mo obviamente es muy importante para los humanos comer, pero\u2026 \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 algunas comidas son deliciosas y otras no? La decisi\u00f3n entre ambas categor\u00edas le parece incre\u00edblemente arbitraria, la inteligencia artificial es incapaz de comprenderlo).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ganaste el premio Hugo con tus relatos cortos y el premio Lodestar (ese que no es un Hugo) con CatFishing on Catnet<\/em>. \u00bfQu\u00e9 signific\u00f3 para ti recibir estos galardones?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ganar un premio sirve para que te sientas respaldada, ya que son un honor. Me hace muy feliz que la gente me lea y le encante lo que escribo. \u00a1Me alegr\u00f3 much\u00edsimo recibir el Lodestar!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A veces los premios solo implican eso, pero no exagero nada si digo que ganar el premio Hugo cambi\u00f3 mi vida. En la WolrdCon habl\u00e9 con un editor que publica antolog\u00edas de relatos cortos y tras la convenci\u00f3n me dijo que le encantar\u00eda publicarme una antolog\u00eda. Me he autopublicado dos antolog\u00edas, pero no han vendido muy bien, esta otra colecci\u00f3n ha ido bastante mejor, pero tambi\u00e9n ha hecho que mi obra llegue a mucha m\u00e1s gente de la que nunca cre\u00ed que podr\u00eda llegar, consiguiendo abrirme m\u00e1s puertas. Tras ganar el Hugo volv\u00ed a tener agente y vend\u00ed una novela, lo que implic\u00f3 ganar otro premio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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A pesar de que has publicado varias novelas, quiz\u00e1 eres m\u00e1s conocida por tus relatos cortos. \u00bfTrabajas de manera distinta dependiendo de la longitud de lo que escribes?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Escribir una novela y un relato son cosas distintas. En la novela tienes mucho m\u00e1s espacio. Puedes hacer que las relaciones evolucionen poco a poco, puede dedicar tiempo para que el lector vea c\u00f3mo son los personajes, puedes tener un robot hackeado y una persecuci\u00f3n en coche y un viaje. Los relatos cortos son como abrir una ventana para que la gente vea una habitaci\u00f3n. Una novela es como mudarte durante un mes a esa casa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Algunos de tus relatos est\u00e1n relacionados con los cuentos de hadas de toda la vida. \u00bfEs dif\u00edcil buscar un nuevo giro en estas historias ya conocidas o quiz\u00e1 resulta m\u00e1s f\u00e1cil escribirlas porque es un terreno conocido?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siempre me han encantado los cuentos de hadas y las nuevas versiones de estos mismos cuentos. (Me encanta Beauty<\/em><\/strong> de Robin McKinley, por ejemplo). Pero solo escribo este tipo de historias si creo que puedo a\u00f1adir algo nuevo. Muchos de estas f\u00e1bulas siguen emocionando a la gente, pero creo que lo que obtienen de ellas va cambiando con los siglos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En ficci\u00f3n, escribes fantas\u00eda y ciencia ficci\u00f3n. En no ficci\u00f3n escribes en tu blog sobre pol\u00edtica. \u00bfSobre cu\u00e1l prefieres escribir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a1Fantas\u00eda y ciencia ficci\u00f3n! Me divierto escribiendo sobre pol\u00edtica pero no es lo mismo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Algunas obras tuyas, como \u201c<\/strong>The Thing About Ghost Stories<\/strong><\/a>\u201d, tienen versi\u00f3n en audio. \u00bfQu\u00e9 opinas sobre esta forma de leer (audiolibros, podcasts)?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Creo que es una buena idea pero casi no escucho ficci\u00f3n en audio. Se me va la cabeza. Con los podcasts, suelo escoger aquellos en los que puede divagar y no perder totalmente el hilo. Con la ficci\u00f3n, realmente necesito poder volver a las p\u00e1ginas anteriores para ver si me he dejado algo en el tintero.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00bfTe gusta ir a festivales de literature como las Worldcons? \u00bfQu\u00e9 prefieres hacer all\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a1Me encantan los festivales! Lo que m\u00e1s me gusta es ir al bar o a otro lugar donde haya gente charlando y buscar un grupo en el que conozca a alguien pero no a todo el mundo y si les apetece unirme al grupo. As\u00ed puedo ver a gente a la que solo veo en los festivales y tambi\u00e9n conozco gente nueva.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 nos puedes decir sobre tus nuevos proyectos?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

En estas semanas recibir\u00e9 las pruebas de Chaos on Catnet<\/em><\/strong>. Todav\u00eda no he escrito la propuesta para mi nuevo proyecto largo, pero lo he estado pensando. Tambi\u00e9n estoy trabajando en un nuevo relato, inspirado por una conversaci\u00f3n con una amiga sobre las supersticiones sobre los beb\u00e9s que nacen dentro de la bolsa. Hay gente que cree que si naces dentro del saco amni\u00f3tico, puede ser vidente, algo que me parece meterle demasiada presi\u00f3n a un reci\u00e9n nacido. En fin, de eso va el relato corto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De nuevo muchas gracias a Naomi Kritzer por responder a nuestras preguntas y a Marcheto por idear esta colaboraci\u00f3n, que seguro que no ser\u00e1 la \u00faltima. A continuaci\u00f3n, puedes leer la entrevista en ingl\u00e9s.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you are able to, would you mind letting us know if you’ve ever been contacted by a Spanish publishing company to publish your books in translation? What would be your sales pitch for your CatFishing on Catnet<\/em> in Spain?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I am not aware of any interest from Spanish publishing companies. My pitch for Catfishing on Catnet<\/em><\/strong> would be, “Steph’s friends are all on the Internet because she’s spent her whole life on the move; CheshireCat’s friends are all on the Internet because they’re a bodiless AI that lives in a computer. CheshireCat learns Steph’s secret just in time to save her from her dangerous father; Steph learns CheshireCat’s secret just in time to go on a road trip to save CheshireCat from their fearful creator.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CatFishing on Catnet<\/em><\/strong> takes the AI from \u201cCat Pictures Please\u201d and continues to tell its story. What can you tell us about the new book in the series? Why did you choose to write a YA novel with this AI?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I wrote a YA novel with the AI because there was an editor who wanted it! I had five books published in the early 2000s but had been struggling for years to sell more novel-length fiction. After “Cat Pictures Please” won the Hugo Award, I was able to get an agent again, and I had a different unpublished (in book form) YA novel that she was shopping around. This editor was really excited about the prospect of a book from me — but what she really wanted was more of the AI from the short story, and I was delighted by the opportunity to explore this world more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The end of Catfishing on Catnet <\/em><\/strong>hints at the existence of a second AI. There is, in fact, a second AI, and that AI shows up in the second book. Also in the second book: a teenage girl who was raised in an apocalyptic cult, a bunch of phone-based games that are like if Facebook at its creepiest and most intrusive were also Pokemon Go, and a midwinter rescue from a cult compound.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talking again about the AI in these stories, how do you decide which personality it will have? Did you work with it in the same way you work other \u201chuman\u201d characters?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The AI in the short story is good-hearted but extremely naive, and in writing the AI in the novel I tried to expand on that. The AI has a vast array of knowledge but not necessarily the understanding necessary to apply the knowledge to new situations — which makes them both like, and unlike, many teenagers. I always tried to bear in mind that the AI experiences the world digitally, so there is sensory input that’s extremely important to humans that the AI does not understand at all. (The second book has a digression from the AI about eating, and how obviously it’s very important for humans to eat, but why some foods are widely regarded as “delicious!” while others are widely regarded as “disgusting!” seems incredibly arbitrary; the AI doesn’t understand this at all.<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You have won the Hugo award with your short stories and the Lodestar \u201cNot a Hugo\u201d award with CatFishing on CatNet<\/em>. What did it mean to you to win these awards?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

One thing about winning an award is that it’s incredibly validating. Awards are an honor. It makes me really happy to know that people read my work and loved<\/em> it. I was over the moon about the Lodestar Award! <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Awards don’t always mean more than that, but I’m not exaggerating when I say that winning the Hugo for the short story changed my life. At that WorldCon, I chatted with an editor who publishes short story collections, and he followed up after the con to say that he’d love to publish a collection of my stories. I’d self-published two digital collections, but they’d never sold particularly well; the small-press collection has sold much better, but also it’s made its way to people I never would have expected, which has opened some amazing doors for me. After I won the Hugo, I was able to get an agent again, and sell a novel again (which went on to win awards).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even though you have published several novels, you\u2019re maybe best-known for your short fiction. Do you use a different approach depending on the length that you are writing?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Writing a short story and a novel is definitely different. You just have more space in a novel. You can do slow-burn relationships, you can take your time showing the reader who people are, you can have a hacked robot and<\/em> a car chase and <\/em>a road trip. Short stories are like opening a window so people can see into one room. A novel is like letting someone move into a house for a month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some of your short stories are related to the \u201cold fairy tales\u201d. Do you find it difficult to give another twist to these known stories or maybe it is easier to write about them because is known ground?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I have always<\/em> loved fairy tales and fairy tale retellings, since childhood. (I adored Beauty<\/em><\/strong> by Robin McKinley, for example.) I basically only write them if I’ve got some idea that I feel like genuinely adds something new. A lot of these stories seem to continue speaking to people, but I think what people are getting out of them may shift over the centuries. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In fiction, you write fantasy and science fiction. In non-fiction you blog about politics. Which of these themes do you prefer to write about?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fantasy and science fiction! I enjoy writing about politics but it’s definitely not the same.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some of your stories, such as \u201c<\/strong>The Thing About Ghost Stories<\/strong><\/a>\u201d, have been performed in podcast. What do you think about this way of reading (audiobooks, podcasts)?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I think it’s great but I mostly can’t listen to audio fiction. My mind wanders. With podcasts, I tend to pick podcasts where I can wander off and back and not completely lose the thread — with fiction I really need to be able to flip back a page if I realize I’m missing something. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do you like going to literature festivals like Worldcons? What do you<\/strong> prefer to do in these places?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I love conventions! My favorite thing to do is go to the bar (or some other place that people are hanging out) and look for a group of people where I know some of the people at the table but not all of them, and see if they’re amenable to me pulling up a chair. I like seeing some of the people I only get to see a conventions; I also like meeting new people. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

What can you tell us about your new projects?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I’ll be getting the copyedits for Chaos on Catnet<\/em><\/strong> sometime this week. I haven’t yet written a proposal for my next novel-length project but I’ve been thinking about it. I’m also working on a new short story, inspired by a conversation with a friend about superstitions regarding babies “born in the caul” (born inside the amniotic sac). There are people who believe that if you’re born in the caul, you’ll be clairvoyant, which strikes me as a lot of pressure on a kid! Anyway, that’s kind of what the short story is about.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Es todo un placer colaborar con Marcheto de Cuentos para Algernon, pero a\u00fan m\u00e1s ha sido entrevistar a un escritora tan interesante como es Naomi Kritzer. Espero que os interesen sus respuestas, que dejan entrever la mente de una autora que merece ser m\u00e1s conocida. Al final de la p\u00e1gina podr\u00e9is leer la entrevista en … <\/p>\n

Continuar leyendo “Entrevista a Naomi Kritzer”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11235,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,5],"tags":[667,1299],"class_list":["post-11233","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencia-ficcion-2","category-fantasia","tag-entrevistas","tag-naomi-kritzer"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/naomikritzerhugo.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5fEpk-2Vb","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11233","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11233"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11233\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11280,"href":"https:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11233\/revisions\/11280"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11235"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11233"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11233"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fantasticaficcion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11233"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}